Impact of B vitamins in the diet of breastfeeding mother on neuropsychological development of infants aged 6 months old

乳母饮食中B族维生素含量对6月龄婴儿神经心理发育的影响

Authors：Xie Qianru, Huang Xiaoman, Xu Hongyu, Xun Guohui, Shen Rongrong, Hao Jiahu

Source：Journal of hygiene research

DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.03.003

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the impact of B vitamins intake in the diet of breastfeeding mother on infant neurodevelopment.

Methods: Study was conducted at Hefei Women and Children’s Health Center from June 2020 to April 2021. A self-designed questionnaire was used at 42 days, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum to survey the dietary intake of breastfeeding mothers. Neurodevelopmental assessments were conducted using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, 3rd edition (ASQ-3) when infants were 6 months old. General linear models (GLM) were employed to analyze the effects of B-vitamin intake in maternal diet on infant neurodevelopment. Multivariable logistic regression was used to test the consistency of the result.

Results: Ultimately, 233 mother-infant pairs were included in this study, of which 113 (57.1%) were infants. The birth weight of the infants was (3.52±0.79) kg, and the mean maternal age at delivery was (29.2±3.8) years. No statistically significant association was found between maternal B-vitamin intake at 42 days and infant neuropsychological development (P>0.05 ). At 3months, maternal vitamin B₂intake was significantly positively correlated with the infant’s total problem-solving domain score in the fully adjusted model (β=0.19, 95%CI 0.01-0. 36 ). Vitamin B₉ intake was significantly positively correlated with the total ASQ-3 score and the problem-solving score, and the result remained significant after adjustments (β=0.24, 95%CI 0.08-0.39; β=0.18, 95%CI 0.02-0.34). Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal dietary vitamin B₉ at 6 months was significantly associated with a reduced risk of low level of neural development in overall neurodevelopment (ASO-3 total score) (OR=0.40, 95%CI 0.21-0.75). At 3 months, maternal vitamin B₂, vitamin B₃ and vitamin B₉ intake was significantly associated with a reduced risk of low level of neural development in the infant’s personal-social, gross motor and personal-social domains (OR=0.14, 95%CI 0.05-0.42; OR=0.32, 95%CI 0.13-0.80; OR=0.45, 95%CI 0. 24-0.86, respectively).

Conclusion: Maternal dietary intake of B-vitamins at 3 and 6 months, especially vitamin B₉, is positively correlated with infant neuropsychological development.

Key words: breastfeeding, mother, diet, B vitamins, infant, neuropsychological development

摘要

目的 探索乳母饮食中B族维生素摄入量对婴儿神经心理发育的影响。方法于2020年6月—2021年4月在合肥市妇女儿童保健中心选择233对母婴，采用自制调查问卷在产后42天、3个月及6个月时对乳母的膳食情况进行调查，使用《年龄与发育进程问卷（第3版）》（ASQ-3）中文版在婴儿6月龄时进行神经心理发育评估，并采用多元线性回归分析乳母饮食中B族维生素含量对婴儿神经心理发育的影响。多因素Logistic回归分析乳母饮食中B族维生素含量与神经发育水平偏低的关联。结果 233对母婴中，男婴113名（57.1%），出生体重为（3.52±0.79）kg，乳母分娩年龄为（29.2±3.8）岁。产后42天乳母饮食中B族维生素与婴儿神经心理发育无统计学关联（P>0.05），产后3个月乳母饮食中维生素B2含量与婴儿解决问题能区得分在完全调整模型中呈显著正相关（β=0.19，95%CI 0.01～0.36）；维生素B9含量与婴儿的ASQ-3总分以及解决问题能区得分呈显著正相关（β=0.24，95%CI 0.08～0.39）,且调整后结果依然有统计学意义（β=0.18，95%CI 0.02～0.34）。Logistic回归分析结果表明，产后6个月乳母饮食中维生素B9含量与婴儿整体神经发育（ASQ-3总得分）水平偏低的风险降低显著相关（OR=0.40，95%CI 0.21～0.75）。产后3个月乳母饮食中维生素B2、维生素B3、维生素B9含量分别与婴儿个人-社会能区、粗大动作能区、个人-社会能区发育水平偏低的风险降低显著相关（OR=0.14，95%CI 0.05～0.42；OR=0.32，95%CI 0.13～0.80；OR=0.45，95%CI 0.24～0.86）。结论产后3个月和6个月乳母饮食中B族维生素含量（尤其维生素B9）与婴儿神经心理发育呈正相关关系。

  关键词：乳母；饮食；B族维生素；婴儿；神经心理发育