大学生手机多任务行为与抑郁症状的纵向关联

大学生手机多任务行为与抑郁症状的纵向关联

作者：朱冬青,陶舒曼,谢阳，万宇辉，伍晓艳，邹立巍，陶芳标

来源：朱冬青, 陶舒曼, 谢阳, 等. 大学生手机多任务行为与抑郁症状的纵向关联[J]. 中国学校卫生: 1-5[2024-05-07].

Abstract

Objective  To explore the correlation between smartphone multitasking behavior and depressive symptoms, and to provide an evidence-based basis for promoting mental health among college students.

Methods  A total of 967 college students were recruited from 1 university in Taiyuan, Chongqing and Shenzhen by using multi-stage randomized cluster sampling from October to December 2021 at bassline, and a follow-up survey was conducted in May 2022. Smartphone multitasking behavior was assessed by using the Assessment of Smartphone Multitasking for Adolescents (ASMA), and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) among college students. Chi-square tests were applied to compare the differences in depressive symptoms between different groups pf demographic characteristics, and binary Logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations between smartphone multitasking behavior and depressive symptoms among university students.

Results   The rates of depressive symptoms among university students at baseline and follow-up were 35.2% and 42.3%, respectively. Compared to the low level of smartphone multitasking index group at baseline, the medium and high level group were more likely to experience depressive symptoms at baseline (medium level group: OR=1.74, 95%CI:1.22~2.50; high level group: OR=2.77, 95%CI:1.94~3.95) and follow-up (medium level group: OR=1.41, 95%CI:1.01~1.95; high level group: OR=1.64, 95%CI:1.17~2.29; both P<0.05). Additionally, compared to the persistently low level of smartphone multitasking index, maintaining a medium-high (OR=2.94, 95%CI: 1.83~4.71), increased (OR=2.07, 95%CI:1.31~3.27) or decreased level of smartphone multitasking index (OR=2.02, 95%CI: 1.27~3.00) were associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms; an increased level of smartphone multitasking index was positively associated with the risk of new-onset depressive symptoms at follow-up (OR=1.87, 95%CI:1.07~3.27; P<0.05).

Conclusions Smartphone multitasking behavior is associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms in college students. There is a need to reduce smartphone multitasking behaviors in order to decrease depressive symptoms and to promote mental health among students.

摘要

目的 探讨大学生手机多任务行为与抑郁症状间的纵向关联性,为促进大学生心理健康发展提供循证依据。

方法 于2021年10—12月采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法，在太原市、重庆市和深圳市各招募1所高校的大学生进行基线调查，并于2022年5月开展随访调查,与基线调查匹配后有效人数为967名。使用青少年手机多任务行为评定问卷和患者健康问卷-9项分别评估大学生手机多任务行为和抑郁症状。采用χ2检验比较不同人口统计学特征大学生抑郁症状的差异，采用二元Logistic回归模型分析大学生手机多任务行为与抑郁症状的关联性。

结果 大学生基线和随访抑郁症状检出率分别为35.2%和42.3%。以基线手机多任务指数低水平组为参照,基线手机多任务指数中等水平组和高水平组与基线抑郁症状(中等水平组: OR=1.74, 95%CI=1.22～2.50; 高水平组: OR=2.77, 95%CI=1.94～3.95)及随访期抑郁症状(中等水平组: OR=1.41, 95%CI=1.01～1.95; 高水平组: OR=1.64, 95%CI=1.17～2.29)均呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。与手机多任务指数持续低水平组相比，手机多任务指数保持中高水平(OR=2.94, 95%CI=1.83～4.71)、增加(OR=2.07, 95%CI=1.31～3.27)或减少(OR=2.02, 95%CI=1.27～3.19)均会增加随访期抑郁症状的发生风险；大学生手机多任务指数增加与新发抑郁症状发生风险呈正相关(OR=1.87, 95%CI=1.07～3.27)(P值均＜0.05)。

结论 大学生手机多任务行为与抑郁症状的发生风险增加有关。应减少大学生手机多任务行为，降低抑郁症状的发生，促进大学生心理健康。