膳食和循环支链氨基酸与中国成年人体脂测量结果存在不良相关性

Dietary and circulating branched chain amino acids are unfavorably associated with body fat measures among Chinese adults   

膳食和循环支链氨基酸与中国成年人体脂测量结果存在不良相关性

Authors: Zhang Y, Rao S, Zhang X, Peng Z, Song W, Xie S, Cao H, Zhang Z, Yang W.

Source：Nutr Res. 2024 Aug;128:94-104. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.06.009.

Abstract

Animal studies showed a detrimental effect of dietary branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) on metabolic health, while epidemiological evidence on dietary BCAAs and obesity is limited and inconclusive. We hypothesized that high dietary and circulating BCAAs are unfavorably associated with obesity in community-dwelling adults. We evaluated the 1-year longitudinal associations of dietary BCAA intake and circulating BCAAs with body fat measures. Body weight, height, and circumferences of the waist (WC) and hip (HC) were measured at baseline and again after 1-year. Body composition and liver fat [indicated by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP)] were also assessed after 1-year. Serum BCAA concentrations at baseline were quantified by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Diet was collected using 4 quarterly 3-day recalls during the 1-year. The correlation coefficients between dietary and serum BCAAs were 0.12 (P = .035) for total dietary BCAAs, and ranged from -0.02 (soy foods, P = .749) to 0.18 (poultry, P = .001). Total dietary BCAA intake was associated with increase in body weight (β = 0.044, P = .022) and body mass index (BMI, β = 0.047, P = .043). BCAAs from animal foods were associated with increase in HC, while BCAAs from soy foods were associated with weight gain and higher CAP (all P < .05). Serum BCAAs were associated with higher WC, HC, BMI, body fat mass, visceral fat level, and CAP (all P < .05). These results support that dietary and circulating BCAAs are positively associated with the risk of obesity. More cohort studies with validated dietary assessment tools and long-term follow-up among diverse populations are needed to confirm our findings.

Keywords: Body fat measures; Branched chain amino acids; Diet; Insulin resistance; Longitudinal study.

摘要

动物研究表明，膳食支链氨基酸（BCAAs）对代谢健康的有害影响，而饮食BCAAs和肥胖的流行病学证据是有限的，不确定的。我们假设高饮食和循环中的支链氨基酸与社区居民中的肥胖有不利的关系。我们评估了膳食BCAA摄入量和循环BCAA与体脂测量的1年纵向关联。在基线和1年后再次测量体重、身高、腰围（WC）和臀围（HC）。1年后还评估了身体成分和肝脏脂肪[由受控衰减参数（CAP）表示]。通过液相色谱质谱法定量基线时的血清BCAA浓度。在1年期间，使用4个季度的3天召回收集饮食。对于总膳食支链氨基酸，膳食和血清支链氨基酸之间的相关系数为0.12（P = .035），范围为-0.02（大豆食品，P = .749）至0.18（家禽，P = .001）。总膳食支链氨基酸摄入量与体重（β = 0.044，P = 0.022）和体重指数（BMI，β = 0.047，P = 0.043）增加相关。动物性食物中的支链氨基酸与HC增加相关，而大豆食品中的支链氨基酸与体重增加和CAP升高相关（所有P 0.05）。血清BCAA与较高的WC、HC、BMI、体脂量、内脏脂肪水平和CAP相关（均P 0.05）。这些结果支持饮食和循环中的支链氨基酸与肥胖风险呈正相关。需要更多具有有效饮食评估工具的队列研究和对不同人群的长期随访来证实我们的发现。

关键词：体脂测量;支链氨基酸;饮食;胰岛素抵抗;纵向研究。