中国成年人尿中雌马酚和预测雌马酚的微生物菌群与体脂指标的良好相关性

Urinary Equol and Equol-Predicting Microbial Genera Are Favorably Associated with Body Fat Measures among Chinese Adults         

中国成年人尿中雌马酚和预测雌马酚的微生物菌群与体脂指标的良好相关性

Authors: Zhang H, Liang S, Yin K, Mo Y, Li Y, Lv Y, Zhan H, Zhang Z, Shan Z, Guo Z, Yin S, Yang W.

Source：J Nutr. 2024 Jul 20:S0022-3166(24)00405-X. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.07.024.

Abstract

Background: Many studies have investigated the intake of dietary isoflavones in relation to obesity risk, whereas the association using objective biomarkers of isoflavones, particularly equol (a gut-derived metabolite of daidzein with greater bioavailability than other isoflavones) has been less studied. In addition, the associations between equol and gut microbiota profile at the population level remain to be fully characterized.

Objectives: We aimed to identify equol-predicting microbial species and to investigate the associations of equol-predicting microbial species and urinary excretion of isoflavones including glycitein, genistein, daidzein, and equol with diverse obesity markers in free living-individuals.

Methods: In this 1-y longitudinal study of 754 community-dwelling adults, urinary isoflavones, fecal microbiota, height, weight, and circumferences of waist and hip were measured at baseline and again after 1 y. Liver fat [indicated by the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP)] and other body composition were also measured after 1 y. Linear models and linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze the associations for single measure and repeated measures, respectively.

Results: Among 305 participants (median age: 50 y, IQR, 37-59 y) including 138 males and 167 females, higher urinary excretion of equol was associated with lower CAP (β = -0.013, P < 0.001) and body fat mass (β= -0.014, P = 0.046). No association was found between any other urinary isoflavones and obesity markers (all P > 0.05). We identified 21 bacterial genera whose relative abundance were positively associated with urinary equol concentrations (all P_{falsediscovery rate} < 0.05), and constructed an equol-predicting microbial score to reflect the overall equol-producing potential of host gut microbiota. This score was inversely associated with CAP (β = -0.040, P = 0.011).

Conclusions: High urinary equol concentrations and equol-predicting microbial species could be favorably associated with liver fat and other obesity markers.

Keywords: body fat; gut microbiome; liver disease; repeated measurements; soy isoflavones.

摘要

背景资料：许多研究调查了饮食中摄入的大豆酮与肥胖风险的关系，而使用大豆酮的客观生物标志物，特别是雌马酚（大豆苷元的肠道衍生代谢物，生物利用度高于其他大豆酮）的相关性研究较少。此外，在人群水平上，雌马酚与肠道微生物群之间的关联仍有待充分表征。

目的：我们的目的是确定雌马酚预测的微生物物种，并调查雌马酚预测的微生物物种和尿排泄的雌马酮，包括黄豆黄素，染料木素，大豆苷元，雌马酚与不同的肥胖标志物在自由生活的个人。

研究方法：在这项为期1年的纵向研究中，对754名社区居民的尿液中的胆固醇、粪便微生物群、身高、体重以及腰围和臀围进行了基线测量，并在1年后再次测量。肝脏脂肪[由受控衰减参数（CAP）表示]和其他身体成分也在1年后测量。线性模型和线性混合效应模型分别用于分析单次测量和重复测量的相关性。

结果如下：在305例受试者（中位年龄：50岁，IQR，37-59岁）中，包括138例男性和167例女性，尿雌马酚排泄量较高与CAP（β =-0.013，P< 0.001）和体脂量（β=-0.014，P = 0.046）较低相关。未发现任何其他尿胆固醇与肥胖标志物之间存在关联（所有P 0.05）。我们确定了21个细菌属，其相对丰度与尿雌马酚浓度呈正相关（所有P_{错误发现率} 0.05），并构建了一个雌马酚预测微生物评分，以反映宿主肠道微生物群的整体雌马酚生产潜力。该评分与CAP呈负相关（β =-0.040，P = 0.011）。

结论：高尿雌马酚浓度和雌马酚预测微生物种类可能与肝脏脂肪和其他肥胖标志物有利相关。

关键词：体脂;肠道微生物组;肝脏疾病;重复测量;大豆异黄酮。