Comparison between grip strength and relative grip strength in their relationship with allostatic load among adolescents

握力和相对握力与青少年异体负荷关系的比较

Authors: Huiqiong Xu, Xi Wang, Wan Xiao, Yang Xie, Xinyu Zhang, Shaojun Xu, Yuhui Wan, Fangbiao Tao.

Source: BMC Public Health. 2024 Sep 27;24(1):2596.

doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20129-0.

Abstract

Purpose: To assess the associations of muscle strength, measure by grip strength and relative grip strength (grip strength divided by body weight), on the allostatic load (AL) index in adolescent boys and girls.

Methods: A total of 1,323 students were recruited (boys = 776, girls = 547). Data on general demographic characteristics, anthropometric indicators, grip strength, blood pressure, pulse rate, and biological samples were collected. A 20-indicator-based AL index (using the AL₁, AL₂, and AL₃calculation methods) was used as the dependent variable. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between grip strength, relative grip strength, and AL. All analyses were stratified by sex.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 14.17 ± 1.45 years. Overall, the linear regression model adjusting for demografic characteristics showed that greater grip strength was associated with higher AL₁scores (R²＝10.1%, β＝0.096, p＜0.001). Then, we further adjusted for body weight, and negative associations were observed between grip strength and AL₁(R²＝35.3%, β＝-0.027, p＝0.030). However, after sex stratification, this association was not statistically significant in girls. Moreover, relative grip strength was negatively associated with AL₁(R²＝14.8%, β＝-8.529, p＜ 0.001) after adjusting for demographic characteristics in the total sample. Specifically, relative grip strength was more strongly associated with the AL₁burden in boys than in girls. Finally, sensitivity analyses of AL₂and AL₃yielded similar results.

Conclusion: We observed that compared with grip strength, relative grip strength might be a useful indicator for the identification of AL burden in adolescents. The results suggest that strengthening relative handgrip strength in adolescents might help reduce the AL burden, especially in boys.

Keywords: Adolescent; Alloatatic load; Biomarkers; Grip strength; Sex.

摘要

目的：评估肌肉力量对青春期男孩和女孩的同种异体负荷（AL）指数的相关性。

方法：共招募1323名学生（男生＝776，女生＝547）。收集了有关一般人口统计学特征、人体测量指标、握力、血压、脉搏率和生物样本的数据。基于20个指标的AL指数（使用AL₁、AL ₂和AL₃计算方法）用作因变量。多元线性回归模型用于评估握力、相对握力和AL之间的关联。所有分析均按性别分层。

结果：参与者的平均年龄分别为14.17 ± 1.45岁。总体而言，针对人口特征进行调整的线性回归模型显示，更大的握力与较高的AL评分相关（R²＝10.1%，β ＝0.096，P＜0.001）。然后，我们进一步调整体重，观察到握力与AL 之间存在负相关 （R²＝35.3%，β＝-0.027，P＝0.030）。然而，在性别分层后，这种关联在女孩中没有统计学意义。此外，在调整总样本中的人口学特征后，相对握力与AL₁（R²＝14.8%, β＝-8.529, P＜ 0.001）呈负相关。具体来说，相对握力与男孩的AL₁负担的相关性比女孩更强。最后，AL₂和AL₃的敏感性分析产生了相似的结果。

结论：我们观察到，与握力相比，相对握力可能是识别青少年AL负担的有用指标。结果表明，加强青少年的相对握力可能有助于减轻AL负担，尤其是男孩。

关键字：青少年；同种异体负荷；生物标志物；握力；性别