色氨酸及其代谢物或许能作为评估老年人 MetS 的潜在指标

Dysregulated tryptophan metabolism contributes to metabolic syndrome in Chinese community-dwelling older adults

色氨酸代谢失调导致华人社区老年人代谢综合征

Authors: Shujing Sun, Fangting Hu, Yanru Sang, Sheng Wang, Xuechun Liu, Jiafeng Shi, Hongjuan Cao, Fangbiao Tao, Kaiyong Liu.

Source:BMC Endocr Disord.

Doi: 10.1186/s12902-024-01826-8.

Abstract

Background:As the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) rises among older adults, the associated risks of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes significantly increase, and it is closely linked to various metabolic processes in the body. Dysregulation of tryptophan (TRP) metabolism, particularly alterations in the kynurenine (KYN) and serotonin pathways, has been linked to the onset of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance, key contributors to the development of MetS. We aim to investigate the relationship between the TRP metabolites and the risk of MetS in older adults.

Methods: Ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect TRP and its seven metabolites in a study involving 986 participants. Physical examination included the following indicators: blood pressure, body mass index, triglyceride levels, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Multiple linear regression, restricted cubic spline curve, binary logistic analysis, and sex-stratified analysis were used to explore the relationship between the metabolites and the risk of MetS in older adults.

Results: The results indicated that, after adjusting for covariates, higher levels of TRP, KYN, kynurenic acid (KA), and xanthurenic acid (XA) were risk factors for MetS (P for trend < 0.05). By contrast, higher ratios of 5-hydroxytryptamine to TRP and indole-3-propionic acid to TRP were protective factors against MetS (P for trend < 0.05).

Conclusions: TRP and its metabolites may serve as potential indicators for assessing and managing MetS in older adults, complementing existing biomarkers.

Clinical trial number: Not applicable.

Keywords: Metabolic syndrome; Metabolism; Older adults; Tryptophan.

摘要

背景： 随着老年人代谢综合征 （metabolic syndrome，MetS） 患病率的上升，心血管疾病和糖尿病的相关风险显著增加，与体内各种代谢过程密切相关。色氨酸 （tryptophan，TRP） 代谢失调，特别是犬尿氨酸 （kynurenine，KYN） 和血清素途径的改变，与慢性炎症、氧化应激和胰岛素抵抗的发生有关，这是 MetS 发展的关键因素。我们旨在研究 TRP 代谢物与老年人 MetS 风险之间的关系。

方法： 在一项涉及 986 名参与者的研究中，采用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法检测 TRP 及其 7 种代谢物。体格检查包括以下指标：血压、体重指数、甘油三酯水平和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 （high-density lipoprotein cholesterol，HDL-C） 水平。采用多元线性回归、限制性立方样条、二元逻辑回归分析和性别分层分析探讨代谢物与老年人 MetS 风险之间的关系。

结果： 结果表明，调整协变量后，较高水平的 TRP 、 KYN 、犬尿酸 （kynurenic acid，KA） 和黄尿酸 （xanthurenic acid，XA） 是 MetS 的危险因素 （趋势性检验P < 0.05）。相反，较高的 5-羟色胺与TRP 比值和吲哚-3-丙酸与 TRP 比值是 MetS 的保护因素 （趋势性检验P < 0.05）。

结论： TRP 及其代谢物可能作为评估和管理老年人 MetS 的潜在指标，能够补充现有的生物标志物。

临床试验编号：不适用。

关键词：代谢综合征；新陈代谢；老年人；色氨酸。