长期暴露于颗粒物与生育意愿的变化：中国成年人的研究

Durational Exposure to Particulate Matter and Changes in Fertility Intentions: A Study of Adults in China

长期暴露于颗粒物与生育意愿的变化：中国成年人的研究

Author: Jia-Yu Wang, Xin Yun, Rui Qu, Wei-Qian Zhang, Jia Liang, Yu Guan, Dong-Dong Tang, Yu Chen, Tai-Lang Yin.

Source: Curr Med Sci.

DOI: 10.1007/s11596-025-00046-y.

Abstract

Objective: The effects of prolonged exposure to persistently elevated atmospheric pollutants, commonly termed air pollution waves, on fertility intentions remain inadequately understood. This study aims to investigate the association between particulate matter (PM) exposure and fertility intentions.

Methods: In this nationwide cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 10,747 participants (5496 females and 5251 males). PM waves were defined as periods lasting 3‒6 consecutive days during which the daily average concentrations exceeded China's Ambient Air Quality Standards Grade II thresholds (PM_2.5> 75 μg/m³ and PM₁₀> 150 μg/m³). We employed multivariate logistic regression models to assess the association between exposure to PM waves and fertility intentions.

Results: Significant inverse associations were detected between exposure to PM_2.5 wave events (characterized by concentrations exceeding 75 μg/m³for durations of 4‒6 days, P < 0.05) and PM₁₀ wave events (defined as concentrations exceeding 150 μg/m³for 6 consecutive days, P < 0.05) and fertility intentions among females. In contrast, neither the PM_2.5 wave nor the PM₁₀ wave events demonstrated statistically significant correlations with fertility intentions in males (P > 0.05 for all comparisons). The potentially susceptible subgroup was identified as females aged 20-30 years.

Conclusions: Our results provide the first evidence that PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ waves are associated with a reduction in female fertility intentions, offering critical insights for the development of public health policies and strategies aimed at individual protection.

Keywords: Air pollution; Fertility intention; Fine particulate matter wave.

摘要

目的：长期暴露于持续升高的大气污染物（通常称为空气污染波）对生育意愿的影响仍未得到充分了解。本研究旨在调查颗粒物 （particulate matter, PM） 暴露与生育意愿之间的关联。

方法：在这项全国性的横断面研究中，我们分析了 10,747 名参与者（5496 名女性和 5251 名男性）的数据。PM 波被定义为持续 3-6 天的日平均浓度超过中国环境空气质量标准 II 级阈值 （PM_2.5> 75μg/m³和 PM₁₀> 150 μg/m³）。本研究采用多元逻辑回归模型来评估暴露于 PM 波与生育意愿之间的关联。

结果：在 PM_2.5波（以浓度超过 75 μg/m³为特征，持续 4-6 天，P < 0.05）以及PM₁₀波事件（定义为浓度连续 6 天超过 150 μg/m，P < 0.05）暴露检测到和女性的生育意愿之间呈显著的负相关。相比之下， 再PM_2.5波和PM₁₀波暴露中均未显示出与男性生育意愿之间具有显著的统计学意义 （所有比较的P > 0.05）。潜在易感亚组被确定为 20-30 岁的女性。

结论：我们的结果提供了一个证据，即 PM_2.5和 PM₁₀波与女性生育意愿的降低有关，为制定旨在个人保护的公共卫生政策和战略提供了重要见解。

关键词：空气污染; 生育意愿; 细颗粒物波